|
|
Present Tenses |
|
Present Simple |
Subject + Base Verb (s/es for 3rd person singular |
General truths, habits,routine, repeated actions and facts |
The sun rises in the east |
|
Present Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing |
Actions happening at the moment of speaking, actions and trends |
she is driving now |
|
Present Perfect |
Subject + have/has + Past Participle |
Actions completed at an unspecific time that have relevance to the present |
We have finished our work |
|
Present Perfect Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + have/has + been + Verb-ing |
Actions that began in the past and continue into the present, emphasizing duration |
We have been waiting for three hours |
|
|
Past Tense |
|
Past Simple |
Subject + Verb-ed (or irregular form) |
Actions completed at a specific time in thee past, a sequence of actions in the past |
He visited his grandma |
|
Past Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + was/were + Verb-ing |
Actions in progress at a specific time in the past that a sequence in the past |
I was reading book when she came into my room |
|
Past Perfect |
Subject + had + Past Participle |
Actions that were completed before another action in the past |
She had left when i arrived |
|
Past Perfect Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + had + been + Verb-ing |
Actions ongoing in the past before start another event focus on (duration) |
He had been studying for two hours before the test |
|
|
Future Tense |
|
Simple Future |
Subject + will/shall + Base Verb |
Prediction, Promises, Future Plans, Decisions |
He will call her tomorrow |
|
Future Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + will be + Verb-ing |
Ongoing actions that will happen at a specific time in the future |
At 9pm, i will be working |
|
Future Perfect |
Subject + will have + Past Participle |
Actions that will be completed before a certain point in the future |
She will have finished the book by then |
|
Future Perfect Progressive or Continuous |
Subject + will have been + Verb-ing |
Actions that will be ongoing until a certain point in the future, focusing on duration |
They will have been working for 5 hours by noon |